2024대원1-1 중간 1주차 진단고사
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 문맥상 적절하지 ‘않은’ 것은?
“Fresco” means “fresh” in Italian, which is an appropriate name for this form of mural painting in which paint is applied to fresh, wet plaster. The paint is made by diluting colored dyes with water. Once the plaster has been smoothed onto a surface (usually a wall), an outline of the picture is drawn and finally the paint is applied. As the paint forms a chemical bond with the plaster, the fresco becomes ①permanent and will stay intact for thousands of years.
Around 400 BC, fresco painting became ②famous in ancient Rome, especially as a means of decoration. Frescoes were the preferred method of interior decoration for the ③rich. Artists created sophisticated and elaborate frescoes that were used for both important public buildings and the homes of Rome’s elite. Pompeii, the city in the Roman Empire, which was preserved after the eruption of the volcano Vesuvius in 79 AD, is a treasure chest of perfectly preserved frescoes. Houses in this city were relatively simple. Their interiors were very basic and small, with only the necessary items of furniture. Fresco paintings became a ④unpopular way of making these houses more aesthetically ⑤attractive by featuring fresco paintings of figures, landscapes, and garlands on the walls. In addition to adding much needed beauty and color to a room, frescoes also served to give the illusion that the room was bigger than it actually was. This effect was given by the broadened horizons of the paintings. Paintings for this purpose depicted rustic country landscapes, panoramic ocean views, or bountiful gardens. Among the most pleasing aspects of these wall paintings were the gardens populated with birds and flowers that bring the outside inside.
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
2. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것을 고르시오.
Most societies devise their own system of measures for distance, volume or weight. Most units adopted are on a human scale relevant to everyday life: a pound weight represents a handful of meat or grain, and the second is a division of time corresponding roughly to a heartbeat. Indeed, many traditional units have been based on the dimensions of the body, such as the foot, inch (thumb), cubit (forearm) and mile (1,000 Roman paces). However, the problem with these units is that they not only vary from person to person, but often involve incredibly complicated and inefficient convention factors: the mile, for example, is equivalent to 1,760 yards, 5,280 feet, or 63,360 inches. Ideally, you want a standardised set of interrelated units that incorporate a convenient hierarchy of scale.
① The majority of traditional measurement systems were developed with units that are pertinent to daily experiences, such as a pound’s weight being comparable to a large fruit or a bundle of wheat.
② The duration of a second was established to approximate the time it takes for a human heart to beat once, aligning with natural human rhythms.
③ Traditional units like the inch and the mile were often derived from various parts of the human body, including the thumb and the distance covered by 1,000 steps of a Roman soldier.
④ The mile is defined as being equal to exactly 1,760 yards, 5,280 feet, or 63,360 inches, which demonstrates the complexity and inefficiency of traditional measurement systems.
⑤ A perfect system of measurement would consist of unrelated units that are difficult to convert between different scales of measurement.CorrectIncorrect -
Question 3 of 10
3. Question
3. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것을 2개 고르시오.
A potlatch was a special cultural practice among certain American Indian tribes on the Pacific Northwest coast of the United States and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Potlatches were held when a family had a special event to celebrate, such as births, rites of passages, weddings, funerals, and honoring of the deceased. Hosts would invite members of their own tribe, as well as neighboring tribes, to come to a feast.
Potlatches took the form of a ceremonial meal traditionally featuring seal meat or salmon. To exhibit generosity, good hosts were expected to offer plentiful food. During potlatches, hosts showed their wealth and prominence by giving guests resources such as canoes, bowls and spoons, carvings, tools, and blankets gathered for these events. The value of a gift was determined by a guest’s social rank. The most valuable gifts were reserved for chiefs and nobles, while commoners received items of lesser value. When potlatches were finished, it was expected that wealthier guests would reciprocate in turn. Thus, even if hosts totally impoverished themselves, they could expect wealth to be returned to them when they attended subsequent potlatches as guests. As the nature of gifting varied through time, some potlatches became highly competitive, with hosts bankrupting themselves to outdo others.
The potlatch enhanced the host’s reputation and validated his social rank – the larger the ceremony, the greater this effect was. The potlatch also served to redistribute wealth among villages, give away surplus product, and connect villages to one another socially. Furthermore, potlatches were the place in which ownership of economic and ceremonial privileges was asserted, displayed, and formally transferred to heirs.
① Potlatches were exclusive ceremonial gatherings held only to celebrate significant life events such as marriages and the passing of individuals.
② The ceremonial meal at a potlatch was characterized by a lavish variety that often included exotic meats, showcasing the host’s ability to provide.
③ During these ceremonies, the distribution of gifts like canoes and blankets was based on the societal standing of the recipients, with higher-ranking individuals receiving more prestigious gifts.
④ Hosts of potlatches could potentially deplete their resources in the spirit of competition, aiming to surpass the generosity shown at previous gatherings.
⑤ The primary purpose of a potlatch was to establish and maintain trade routes between different tribes, ensuring economic stability across regions.*lavish: 호화로운 *deplete: 고갈시키다 *surpass: 초월하다
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
4. Which of the following understandings for ⓐ-ⓔ is NOT correct? Choose TWO
Difficulties arise when we do not think of people and machines as collaborative systems, but assign whatever tasks can be automated to the machines and leave the rest to people. This ends up requiring people to behave in machine-like fashion, in ways that ⓐdiffer from human capabilities. We expect people to monitor machines, which means ⓑkeeping alert for long periods, something we are bad at. We require people to do repeated operations with the extreme precision and accuracy required by machines, again ⓒsomething we are not good at. When we divide up the machine and human components of a task in this way, ⓓwe fail to take advantage of human strengths and capabilities but instead rely upon areas where ⓔwe are genetically, biologically unsuited. Yet, when people fail, they are blamed.
① ⓐ: tasks that are automated often require people to adapt in ways that are unnatural or difficult for them
② ⓑ: humans are naturally inclined to maintain high levels of attention for extended durations
③ ⓒ: humans excel in tasks that demand extreme precision and accuracy
④ ⓓ: leveraging human unique strengths in tasks is often overlooked
⑤ ⓔ: our genetic and biological makeup is not conducive to tasks better suited for machines*leverage: 활용하다, *conducive: 도움이 되는
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
5. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
The Ibo are a people of the area around the lower Niger in Africa, and here is a myth they believe. In the myth, the supreme creator, the benevolent Chuku, creates an earthly paradise where there is neither evil nor death. Chuku sends a dog to earth to tell people that those who died can be brought back to life if they are laid on the ground and sprinkled with ashes. But the dog carrying this message is too slow in delivering it, so, Chuku next orders a sheep to go with the same message. But the sheep stops to eat along the way, and by the time it finally reaches mankind, the message is confused — the sheep tells the people to bury their dead. Because of this foolish sheep, _______________.
① human beings were granted immortality and lived without fear of death
② the concept of mortality was introduced into the world
③ all creatures on Earth were endowed with the power to resurrect
④ the cycle of life and death was forever altered by celestial beings
⑤ the Ibo people rejected the mythological teachings of their ancestorsCorrectIncorrect -
Question 6 of 10
6. Question
[6~7]
Frederick Winslow Taylor, the father of scientific management, was born in 1856 to a wealthy Quaker family in the American city of Philadelphia. He served his apprenticeship as a patternmaker, acquiring shop-floor experience in 1874, and ⓐobtained a degree in mechanical engineering at the Stevens Institute of Technology while holding a full-time job. ⓑFollowing his apprenticeship, Taylor worked at the Midvale Steel Company, ⓒwhich he started as a laborer but within six years was promoted to the role of research director, and then chief engineer.
Upon observing gross inefficiencies during his contact with steel workers early in his career, Taylor became interested in improving worker productivity. He thought that through planning even the most basic, mindless tasks could be carried out in a way to dramatically increase productivity. Taylor performed experiments ⓓthat he labeled “time studies” to scientifically determine the best way to perform a job. In these studies, ⓔa stopwatch was used to timing a worker’s sequence of motions, with the aim of determining the one best way to perform a job.
Taylor put his ideas into practice in various settings. He believed the key to productivity was finding the right challenge for each person, so he used time studies to set daily production quotas. The idea was to give incentives to those workers who reached their daily quotas and lower pay to those who did not. By way of his new wage system and time studies, Taylor doubled the productivity of the Midvale Steel Company.
Another famous example of his time studies was his groundbreaking work on “shoveling.” He found the optimal weight of a shovel was 21 pounds and proceeded to design shovels that would hold 21 pounds of whatever substance was being shoveled. The use of optimal shovels allowed a reduction in the workforce at Bethlehem Steel Company from 500 to 140 and achieved a 300 to 400% increase in productivity.
Taylor was the first person to present a scientific and systematic study of interactions among job requirements, tools, methods, and human skill to improve both output and work life in factories. With his scientific management he improved productivity and had a substantial impact on industry. Despite his many striking achievements, his critics felt that his approach to work increased the monotony of work and dehumanized workers. They also thought scientific management ignored the psychological needs and capabilities of workers.
6. 다음 글을 바탕으로 추론할 수 있는 것은?
① Taylor’s upbringing in a wealthy family was crucial for his success in scientific management.
② Taylor’s time studies were focused only on reducing the number of employees in factories.
③ Taylor’s scientific management techniques were universally accepted without criticism.
④ Taylor’s approach to scientific management considered the psychological well-being of workers.
⑤ Taylor’s scientific management methods were criticized for making work more monotonous and ignoring workers’ psychological needs.CorrectIncorrect -
Question 7 of 10
7. Question
7. 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 어법상 틀린 것을 2개 고르시오.
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
8. 다음 글을 바탕으로 추론할 수 있는 것은?
Part of the reason time passes so slowly for children is because they are constantly having new experiences. In fact, a ten-year-old will think that the passing of one minute is more than two minutes. It appears as if our brains actually calculate time based on the number of events that occur; so the more events, the more time we feel has passed. If you saw six slides for thirty seconds each and thirty slides for six seconds each, you would think that you had spent more time looking at the thirty slides even though the time is obviously the same overall. This could help explain why you recall that a day has passed quickly when you’re in meeting after meeting but slowly if you’re just at your desk.
① Adults perceive time faster because they experience fewer new events.
② Children perceive a minute as exactly two minutes.
③ The brain uses a fixed method to calculate time, unaffected by events.
④ Viewing a larger number of slides for shorter durations feels shorter than viewing fewer slides for longer durations.
⑤ The perception of time is directly proportional to the level of activity in a day, unaffected by the number of new experiences or events.CorrectIncorrect -
Question 9 of 10
9. Question
[9~10].
Airline pilots use flight instruments to know when their perceptual systems are misleading them about critical factors like ⓐwhether their airplane is flying level. Students use practice tests to see whether ⓑthey know as much as they think they are. It’s worth being explicit here about the importance of answering the questions on the practice tests. Often we will look at a question on a practice test and think “Yup, I know that,” and then move down the page ⓒwithout trying to write in an answer. If you don’t supply the answer, you may ⓓbe giving in to the illusion of knowing, when actually you ⓔwould have difficulty giving an accurate response. Treat practice tests as actual tests, check your answers, and focus your studying effort on the areas you should improve.
9. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
① The necessity of using flight instruments by airline pilots
② The illusion of knowledge in educational settings
③ The benefits of practice tests in pilot training
④ Methods to improve studying habits for students
⑤ The comparison between pilots’ and students’ challengesCorrectIncorrect -
Question 10 of 10
10. Question
10. 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 어법상 틀린 것을 고르시오.
① ⓐ ② ⓑ ③ ⓒ ④ ⓓ ⑤ ⓔ
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