한영1 1주차 진단고사
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Question 1 of 8
1. Question
[1~4번]
Sir Thomas More wrote Utopia in 1516. The work was written in Latin and it was published in Louvain (present-day Belgium). Utopia is a work of satire, indirectly criticizing Europe’s political corruption and religious hypocrisy. More was a Catholic Humanist. Alongside his close friend, the philosopher and writer Erasmus, More saw Humanism as a way to (A)_______ faith and reason. In depicting Utopia, More steps outside the bounds of orthodox Catholicism, but More’s ultimate goal is to indicate areas of improvement for Christian society — Is an ideal state possible? At the very least, Utopia exposes the absurdities and evils of More’s society by depicting an alternative.
A devout Catholic, More was beheaded as a martyr in 1535, standing opposed to the principle of the Anglican Church and the King of England’s role as the head of the Church (replacing the Pope in Rome). In the 1530s, More wrote polemical tracts and essays attacking Lutheranism as orthodoxy. (ㄱ)_______, More’s Utopia implies that Utopians are better than some Christians. St. Augustine’s City of God established the theme of the earthly city of God, (B)_______ the image of New Jerusalem presented in the Biblical Book of Revelations. Utopia is a type of New Jerusalem, a perfect place on earth. The Puritan experiments of the 1600s (in Britain and in North America) exemplify the programming of Utopian New Jerusalem.
More’s work has left a lasting impact on (C)_______ political thought and literature. The Greek word Utopia translates as “no place” or “nowhere,” but in modern parlance, a Utopia is a good place, an ideal place. The term “utopia” has gained more significance than More’s original work. Utopia has inspired a diverse group of political thinkers. The utilitarian philosophy expounded in the late 1700s and early 1800s developed the idea of the ideal and perfect balance of happiness. Jeremy Bentham, a leading Utilitarian thinker, developed ideas of surveillance and the panopticon by which all can be seen. These (D)_______ practices, designed to quantify happiness, calculate moral goodness and produce the optimal balance, echo the anti-privacy measures inflicted upon the citizens of More’s Utopia.
1. 빈칸 (ㄱ)에 들어갈 수 있는 연결어를 모두 고르시오.
① Therefore
② Nonetheless
③ For example
④ Still
⑤ BesidesCorrectIncorrect -
Question 2 of 8
2. Question
2. 윗글의 밑줄 친 단어 중 문맥상 틀린 것의 개수는?
① 0개 ② 1개 ③ 2개 ④ 3개 ⑤ 4개CorrectIncorrect -
Question 3 of 8
3. Question
3. 윗글의 내용과 일치하는 것을 2개 고르시오.
① Sir Thomas More authored Utopia in 1516, aiming to present a vision of a perfect society while directly addressing Europe’s societal issues.
② St. Augustine’s City of God introduced the concept of the earthly city of God, which was a different concept from the theme of New Jerusalem presented in the Biblical Book of Revelations.
③ Sir Thomas More was executed in 1535 because he opposed the King of England’s decision to become the head of the Church, replacing the Pope in Rome.
④ The Greek term Utopia, from which Sir Thomas More’s work derives its name, primarily means “a perfect place” in its original context.
⑤ Jeremy Bentham *formulated ideas about surveillance and the panopticon, drawing parallels with the anti-privacy measures present in More’s Utopia.
*formulate: 만들어 내다CorrectIncorrect -
Question 4 of 8
4. Question
4. 위 글의 (A)~(D)에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 말끼리 짝지은 것은?
(A) (B) (C) (D)
① separate – removing – consequent – reforming
② separate – modifying – consequent – reformatory
③ combine – repeating – consequent – revolutionary
④ combine – reiterating – subsequent – reformatory
⑤ integrate – imitating – subsequent – reformingCorrectIncorrect -
Question 5 of 8
5. Question
[5~8번]
In the 1800s, the rise of urban industrialization triggered the proliferation of Utopian projects (agricultural communes), all of which failed. ⓐUtopia became the project of creating an ideal society apart from the demoralizing city. These Utopian projects were especially popular in Britain, France, and New England. The Utopian celebration of common property and dependence upon extensive state planning are the groundwork for communism and socialism as presented in Marx and Engels’ written works. 1848, the year of Marx’s Communist Manifesto, is a year of urban revolutions. ⓑUtopia’s criticisms of the nobility’s perversion of law to subjugate the poor were applied to the suffering of industrial and factory workers. The abolition of money, private property, and class structure would undermine the power of the bourgeoisie. Socialists believed that agricultural economies with property held in common would cure the ills of industrial capitalization.
With the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the twentieth-century rise of communism, the ills of Utopia were made evident. ⓒThe overbearing regulation and stifling of individualism were apparent in the communist Eastern Bloc and Soviet states. To be sure, More was neither a Communist nor a Socialist and it wouldn’t necessarily be accurate to call More a Utopian either. All the same, More’s work certainly propelled the philosophical development of these themes. As a literary work, Utopia has retained its power to impact British and American writers. From the Greek prefix dys- (i.e. bad, ill) comes the word “(A)________,” reflecting Utopia’s negative qualities. ⓓDickens’ novels of industrialized Britain depict planned factory cities gone wrong like the city of Coketown in Hard Times. Utopia remains in the backdrop: a desirable alternative but an equally failing effort. Works like George Orwell’s 1984, Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 are (B)________ novels that warn of the false hope of heavily programmed utopias. In 1887, a New England socialist named Edward Bellamy wrote Looking Backward, a novel that glanced into the future, presenting a celebratory image of a Utopian America.
ⓔThe word Utopia has a double meaning then. In the academic disciplines of architecture and urban planning, leading figures like Lewis Mumford, Le Corbusier, and Frederic Law Olmsted (creator of Central Park) all developed the idea of Utopia in a positive sense. In political theory, however, Utopia has often been interpreted as a most dangerous form of naiveté. The impulse to plan perfection leads to the tyranny of Orwell’s “Big Brother.”
5. 윗글의 내용과 일치하는 것을 고르시오.
① The Utopian projects of the 1800s primarily took root in nations like Spain, Portugal, and Scandinavia due to the challenges of urban industrialization.
② The foundational beliefs of Utopia, which includes the celebration of common property and reliance on extensive state planning, played a role in the birth of ideologies expressed in Marx and Engels’ works.
③ The Russian Revolution of 1917 revealed the benefits of Utopian principles, as it exhibited a harmonious blend of individualism and state regulation.
④ Literary pieces, such as George Orwell’s 1984 and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World, present a rather optimistic and celebratory view of programmed utopias.
⑤ Within the realms of architecture and urban planning, Utopia is often perceived negatively, while in political theory, it is seen as a praiseworthy pursuit towards perfection.CorrectIncorrect -
Question 6 of 8
6. Question
6. 윗글을 바탕으로 답할 수 없는 질문을 2개 고르시오.
① What was the primary purpose of the Utopian projects in the 1800s?
② What were some negative aspects of communism evident in the twentieth century?
③ How did Ray Bradbury’s portrayal of a utopia differ from Aldous Huxley’s?
④ What specific year did the Utopian movement reach its peak of popularity and success?
⑤ What is the interpretation of Utopia within the academic disciplines of architecture and urban planning?CorrectIncorrect -
Question 7 of 8
7. Question
7. Which of the following understanding for ⓐ-ⓔ is NOT correct? [2점]
① ⓐ: The concept of Utopia was conceived as an idyllic alternative to the distressing realities of urban cities.
② ⓑ: The principles of Utopia were used to critique the oppressive laws created by the elite class to exploit the less fortunate, particularly the industrial labor class.
③ ⓒ: The actual implementation of communist principles in the Eastern Bloc and Soviet states resulted in excessive control and suppression of individual freedom, reflecting the darker side of Utopia.
④ ⓓ: Charles Dickens’ depiction of industrially developed Britain, particularly Coketown, illustrates the negative outcomes of poorly planned urbanization.
⑤ ⓔ: The term ‘Utopia’ possesses two contrasting interpretations – one being a constructive architectural concept developed by renowned urban planners, while the other being a perilous political ideology associated with impractical perfectionism.CorrectIncorrect -
Question 8 of 8
8. Question
8. 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 가장 알맞은 단어를 아래 조건에 맞추어 쓰시오. [각 1점]
<조건>
1. 문맥상 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은 단어를 주어진 철자로 시작해야 함. (주어진 철자를 포함하여 답안지 작성)
2. 빈칸 하나 당 하나의 alphabet letter를 써야 함.(A) D _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(B) d _ _ _ _ _ _ _-
(A) D
(B) d
Correct / 2 PointsIncorrect / 2 Points -